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An option contract's price rarely moves for just one reason. The stock shifts, time keeps passing, expectations for volatility rise and fall, and interest rates maintain their influence in the background. All of that gets folded into the cost of the contract, known as its premium. This makes it hard to tell which force actually moved the number on your screen.
The options Greeks can help you solve that problem. Each one estimates how an option's value would respond to a change in one input, such as the stock price, time, or volatility, with the others held constant.
Let's follow a real contract to see how. Nvidia (NVDA) is one of the most actively traded stocks in the options market, which makes its chain a useful place to watch these numbers work. The stock was trading at $212.26 at the time, so we picked a $215 call expiring in 29 days.
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